Anthropologists have long assumed that early human men hunted while women did the gathering. After all, the reasoning went, men were naturally more aggressive, whereas the slower pace of gathering was ideal for women, who were mainly focused on caretaking. But that narrative is beginning to change. A few years ago, archaeologists unearthed a hunting kit among bone fragments of a female hunter. That led them to review the findings from other burials; they ultimately found that big game hunting between 14,000 and 8,000 years ago was actually gender neutral. Now a new literature review on modern foraging tribes backs that up, finding that women hunted in more than 80 percent of the groups studied. All of these discoveries add to a body of evidence that has been building for years. “It’s a natural thing to have assumptions,” says researcher Sophia Chilczuk, who worked on the review, “but it’s our responsibility to challenge those assumptions, to better understand our world.”